diff --git a/src/core/use-swr.ts b/src/core/use-swr.ts
index 8b6644f284..9f8648c60d 100644
--- a/src/core/use-swr.ts
+++ b/src/core/use-swr.ts
@@ -144,7 +144,11 @@ export const useSWRHandler = <Data = any, Error = any>(
 
   // Resolve the fallback data from either the inline option, or the global provider.
   // If it's a promise, we simply let React suspend and resolve it for us.
-  let fallback = isUndefined(fallbackData) ? config.fallback[key] : fallbackData
+  let fallback = isUndefined(fallbackData)
+    ? isUndefined(config.fallback)
+      ? UNDEFINED
+      : config.fallback[key]
+    : fallbackData
   if (fallback && isPromiseLike(fallback)) {
     fallback = use(fallback)
   }
diff --git a/test/use-swr-config.test.tsx b/test/use-swr-config.test.tsx
index 87ac30a5d0..ce87a45d8b 100644
--- a/test/use-swr-config.test.tsx
+++ b/test/use-swr-config.test.tsx
@@ -184,4 +184,23 @@ describe('useSWR - configs', () => {
     expect(config.fallback).toEqual({ a: 2, c: 2 })
     expect(config.use).toEqual([middleware2])
   })
+
+  it('should not occur error when fallback is undefined', async () => {
+    const key = createKey()
+    const fetcher = () => 'data'
+
+    function Page() {
+      const { data } = useSWR(key)
+      return <div>data: {data}</div>
+    }
+
+    renderWithConfig(<Page />, {
+      fetcher,
+      fallback: undefined
+    })
+    // hydration
+    screen.getByText('data:')
+    // mount
+    await screen.findByText('data: data')
+  })
 })